ʻO ke galvanizing ke ʻano hana e pono ai no ka pale ʻana i ke kila mai ka popo. ʻO ke kumu, heʻauʻau galvanizingHe ipu hao nui ia o ka zinc heheʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e uhi i nā ʻāpana metala. Ke hoʻoluʻu ʻia ke kila maʻemaʻe i loko o kēia ʻauʻau, hoʻopili koke ka zinc i ka ʻili, e hana ana i kahi ʻano paʻa a kūpaʻa i ka pala. Ua puni ka galvanizing no nā makahiki he 150 a ʻoi, akā naʻe he mea kupanaha ka maikaʻi a me ke aloha i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā kaʻina hana pale pala i aloha nui ʻia i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka hopena he kila hiki ke ola i nā makahiki he ʻumi ma waho me ka mālama liʻiliʻi. Ma lalo nei mākou e wehewehe i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu pehea e hele ai kahi ʻāpana kila mai ka metala kahiko lepo a i ka zinc-armored, i loko o kahi ʻauʻau galvanizing.
He aha ka ʻauʻau Galvanizing?
ʻO ka ʻauʻau galvanizing he pahu wale nō ia o ka zinc heheʻe i hoʻomehana ʻia a hiki i kahi o 450°C (842°F). Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana kila i loko o kēia zinc wela, e like me ka metala wai kālā. I ka wā e hoʻoluʻu ʻia ai, hana ka zinc me ka hao i loko o ke kila, e hana ana i kahi pilina metallurgical ma waena o ka zinc a me ke kila. I ka hana maoli, kapa pinepine nā ʻoihana i kēia ʻoka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka welake kaʻina hana - ke kuʻu ʻana i ke kila i loko o ka zinc "wela" (hoʻoheheʻe ʻia).
He kūpono loa kēia ʻano hana. ʻO ka ʻauʻau zinc maʻamau e mālama ʻia ma luna o 98% zinc maʻemaʻe, a ʻo nā ʻōnaehana conveyor a crane paha e hoʻokiʻekiʻe pono i nā ʻāpana kila i hiki ai i ka zinc ke hoʻopiha i kēlā me kēia kihi o ka ʻāpana. ʻOiai nā ʻano hakahaka a i ʻole nā paipu e hoʻopiha me ka zinc, no laila ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o loko a me waho. E like me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi alakaʻi ʻoihana, ʻo ka galvanizing hot-dip he hana "hoʻokomo piha" - ua hoʻokomo piha ʻia ke kila a ua uhi ʻia ka zincāpaunā ʻili o loko a me waho. Hāpai ʻia ke kila i kekahi mau minuke ma hope me kahi ʻili metala ʻālohilohi hou ma luna.
Ke Kaʻina Hana Galvanizing Hot-Dip (Hoʻomaka a Hoʻopau)
He nui nā pae koʻikoʻi o ke kaʻina hana galvanizing. Pono e hana pono ʻia kēlā me kēia, no ka mea, e pipili wale ka zinc i kahi ʻili maʻemaʻe loa. Ma keʻano laulā, penei nā ʻanuʻu:
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe (Demoisture & Pickling):ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ke kila e wehe i nā aila, ka momona, a me ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka maʻamau, pili kēia i kahi hopena alkali (caustic) wela e hoʻohemo ai i ke kila. A laila, hele ke kila i loko o kahi ʻauʻau pickling acid (pinepine hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka sulfuric a i ʻole ka hydrochloric acid) e ʻai i ka unahi wili a me ka ʻōpala. Ma hope o ka pickling, wehe ʻia kekahi lepo paʻakikī, pena a i ʻole slag me ka lima a i ʻole ma ka pahū ʻana. I ka pōkole, pono e nalowale nā mea haumia āpau, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e pili ka zinc i ke kila lepo.
Ke kahe ʻana:Ma mua pono o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hoʻoluʻu ʻia ke kila maʻemaʻe i loko o kahi hopena flux, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hui ʻana o ka zinc ammonium chloride. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka flux i nā koena hope loa o ka oxide a pale i ka oxidation hou ma mua o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana. I kekahi mau mea kanu, lana kahi "flux blanket" lahilahi ma luna o ka ʻauʻau zinc e kōkua i ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ke kila i kona komo ʻana. He mea koʻikoʻi ke kaʻina fluxing: hōʻoia ia i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka zincpuluke kila i like.
Ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i loko o ka ʻauʻau zinc:I kēia manawa, eia ka puʻuwai o ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa mālie ʻia ke kila i hoʻomākaukau ʻia (pinepine ma ke kihi) i loko o ka ipu hao zinc i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e paʻa mau ana ma ~450°C. Hōʻike ke kiʻi ma lalo nei i nā kaola kila e komo ana i loko o kahi ʻauʻau zinc wela. I ka wā e hoʻopā ai ke kila i ka metala wai, hoʻomaka kahi hopena. Hoʻomaka ka Zinc e hui pū me ka ʻili hao, a kahe ka zinc wai a puni ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa. I loko o ka ʻauʻau, hana ka zinc a me ka hao i kekahi mau papa metala ma o kahi hopena metallurgical. I loko o kēia manawa (ʻo ia hoʻi he mau minuke), kūkulu ka uhi i kona mānoanoa kūpono. He papa ohoʻoheheʻe ʻiaHoʻopili ka zinc i ka ʻili o ke kila a laila hoʻomaʻalili e hana i kahi ʻili waho paʻa.
Kiʻi: Nā ʻāpana kila e hoʻoluʻu ʻia ana i loko o kahi ʻauʻau galvanizing wela. Hoʻopili koke ka zinc heheʻe (kālā wai) i ke kila.
Hoʻoponopono pono nā mea hana o ka hale hana i ka manawa o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana. No ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana, ua lawa ka luʻu ʻana no 4-5 mau minuke. Pono paha nā ʻāpana nui a i ʻole nā ʻāpana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki ai i ka mahana piha. Ke hoʻomehana ʻia, hāpai mālie ʻia ka ʻāpana i waho. I kona piʻi ʻana, kahe aku kekahi zinc keu - i kekahi manawa kōkua ʻia e ka haʻalulu a i ʻole ka milo ʻana i ka ʻāpana. E hoʻomaʻalili a paʻakikī ka pūpū lahilahi o ka zinc i koe, e lawe pinepine ana i kahi ʻano kālā ʻālohilohi ma waho. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻālohilohi pinepine ke kila galvanized hou; ʻike ʻia ke ʻano "spangle" a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka hau o ka zinc crystallized ma luna o ka ʻili i kona paʻa ʻana.
Hoʻomaʻalili (Passivation/Quenching):Ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, hoʻomaʻalili ʻia ke kila i uhi ʻia. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana o ka ea a i ʻole ma ke kinai ʻana i ke kila wela i loko o ka wai a i ʻole kahi ʻauʻau passivation kemika. ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻōla kūikawā - ua paʻa mua ka pilina zinc/kila. ʻO kekahi papa waho lahilahi o ka zinc oxide (ʻū keʻokeʻo) e hana ʻia e waiho wale ʻia a mālama māmā ʻia paha. ʻAʻole e like me nā ʻāpana i pena ʻia, pono pinepine ke kila galvanizedʻaʻohe hoʻopau hou ʻanano ke kūpaʻa.
Nānā ʻana:ʻO ka hana hope loa, ʻo ia ka nānā wikiwiki ʻana i ka ʻike maka a me ka ʻenehana. Nānā nā mea nānā ua uhi ʻia kēlā me kēia wahi a ana i ka mānoanoa. ʻOiai ʻo ka zinc e pili wale ana i ka metala maʻemaʻe, maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole (ʻōlinolino ke ʻano o ke kila ʻōlohelohe). Ana nā ana maʻamau i ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kikoʻī. I kēia manawa, ua mākaukau ke kila galvanized no ka hoʻohana ʻana, i hōʻoia ʻia e kūʻē i ka pala no nā makahiki he nui.
I loko o ka ʻauʻau: Metallurgy a me ka pale ʻana
ʻO ka mea maoli e hana nei i ke kila i loko o ka zinc heheʻe he ʻāpana kemika paʻakikī - a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ikaika kupanaha o ka galvanizing. Ke waiho nei ke kila wela i loko o ka ʻauʻau, hoʻolaha nā ʻātoma zinc i loko o ka hao e hana i kekahi mau hui intermetallic. Hōʻike ka American Galvanizers Association i kēia me kahi ʻāpana keʻa: aia kahi papa waho o ka zinc kokoke i ka maʻemaʻe (i kapa ʻia ʻo ka papa eta) a ma lalo ona he 3 mau papa alloy paʻakikī (i kapa ʻia ʻo gamma, delta, zeta) ma ka interface kila. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻo kēia mau papa alloy zinc-haoʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila palupalu. No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi ke komo maʻalahi ma o kēia uhi multi-layer. I ka hana maoli, he paʻa loa ka uhi galvanized a kū i ka abrasion.
ʻO kekahi pono nui ʻo ia ka pale cathodic (mōhai). ʻOi aku ka hana electrochemical o ka zinc ma mua o ke kila. I nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, inā e kahakaha ʻia ka uhi i ke kila ʻōlohelohe, e ʻānai mua ka zinc a puni, e pale ana i ke kila. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua kaulana ka galvanizing hot-dip no kēia: ua ʻōlelo kekahi kumu ʻoiai inā hōʻike ʻia ke kila ʻōlohelohe (e like me ka ¼ ʻīniha) i kahi kahakaha, "ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka ka pala a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka zinc a puni". ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole pono e pena hou ʻia nā nicks liʻiliʻi; mōhai ka zinc iā ia iho i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
I loko o nā makahiki, ʻo ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka ea a me ka ua e hoʻololi i ka zinc i nā huahana maikaʻi ʻole (oxides, hydroxides, carbonates) - ka patina hina āu e ʻike ai ma ka metala galvanized kahiko. patina kini Hoʻokumu mālie ʻia kahi ʻili waho pale e hoʻolohi hou aku i ka pala. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kila galvanized piha i ka wā e pala ai ma kahi o 30 mau manawa lohi ma mua o ke kila ʻōlohelohe. I ka hana maoli, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka uhi galvanized e mau ana no 50-60 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana, ma muli o ke kaiapuni.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi Kupaianaha oKe hoʻoheheʻe ʻana
Hāʻawi ʻo Galvanizing i kekahi mau mea "wow" āu e manaʻo ʻole ai mai kahi uhi metala maʻalahi:
1. Uhi piha:Ma muli o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ka galvanizing wela i ka ʻāpana, uhi pū ia i loko o nā ʻāpana hakahaka a me loko o nā paipu. Loaʻa ka zinc i nā kaula a me nā kihi huna, ʻaʻole e like me nā pena palaki. ʻO kēia hoʻoluʻu piha ʻana ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻōpala ke komo malū mai nā wahi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia.
2. Paʻakikī i kūkulu ʻia:He paʻakikī maoli nā papa zinc-hao a kū i ka ʻānai ʻia. I kekahi mau hoʻokolohua, ua pau ka uhi ʻana o ke kila galvanizedʻumi manawaʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka ʻānai ʻana ma mua o ka pena maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka palupalu a me ka ductile o ka papa zinc maʻemaʻe o waho (eta), e hāʻawi ana i ke kūpaʻa i ka hopena, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā papa alloy o loko ma mua o ke kila. ʻO kēia pilina multi-layer ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana galvanized e ola i ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka ʻaʻahu ʻana.
3. Hoʻōla ponoʻī (Cathodic) Palekana:E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, e "mōhai" ka zinc iā ia iho e pale i ke kila. ʻAʻole e popopo nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi ma ke kila galvanized no ka mea e popopo mua ka zinc (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he pale cathodic). Aia kekahi inoa, "ʻaoʻao e kolo ana," no ka mea e hana ʻia me ke kila i pena ʻia (ka popo e kolo ana ma lalo o ka pena) - a ʻo ka galvanizing e pale aku iā ia.
4. Hoʻololi wikiwiki:ʻOiai ke kaumaha o nā lako, wikiwiki ka hana galvanizing maoli. ʻO ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻāpana a me ke kuʻi ʻana i loko o ka zinc he mau minuke wale nō. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana he hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika, a hiki i kahi hale hana i mālama pono ʻia ke hana i kahi kauoha i loko o kekahi mau lā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, haʻaheo nā hale kūʻai galvanizing hou i ka lawelawe 24-hola no nā kauoha liʻiliʻi.
5.Long Service Life:Hiki i kahi uhi galvanized ke pale i ke kila no nā makahiki he ʻumi me ka ʻole o ka pena hou ʻana. I nā kūlana maʻamau o waho (ʻoihana a kuaʻāina paha), he mea maʻamau ka ʻike ʻana i 50+ mau makahiki ma mua o ka mālama mua ʻana. ʻO kēia lōʻihi e hoʻolilo pinepine ai i ka galvanizing i mea waiwai ma mua o ka pena hou ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka wā lōʻihi.
6. Ka launa aloha ʻana i ke kaiapuni:He maʻemaʻe iki ke kaʻina hana galvanizing. Hoʻopōʻaiapuni ʻia ka zinc i hoʻohana ʻia, a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoheheʻe organik volatile e like me ka pena. Hiki ke hoʻopōʻaiapuni ʻia ke kila galvanized i ka pau ʻana o ke ola. Ua ʻōlelo pū nā hui ʻoihana ʻo ka galvanizing ʻo ia paha ka pale ʻana i ka palaho "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni" i loaʻa.
7. Hoʻopau ʻike ʻia:Loaʻa pinepine i ke kila galvanized kahi ʻanoʻāwili ʻiaa i ʻole ke ʻano e like me ka hau hau ma kona ʻili. ʻO kēia mau kristal kālā nā hua zinc e paʻa ana, a hāʻawi lākou i nā ʻili galvanized i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa. He hōʻailona ʻike ia e loaʻa ana kahi uhi wela maoli.
Nā Lako Hana Kiʻekiʻe: Hale Hana Galvanizing Paipu a Bonan Tech
Hoʻohana nā hale hana galvanizing nui i nā mīkini hana kaumaha e holo mau i kēia mau kaʻina hana. No ka laʻana, ʻo Bonan Technology Co., Ltd., kahi mea hana lako, e hoʻoikaika ana i kāna"Hale Hana Galvanizing Paipu Kūlana Kiʻekiʻe"i kūkulu ʻia mai ke kila a me nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe. Mālama kā lākou mau laina hana ponoʻī i nā mea āpau: nā jigs e kau ai i nā paipu, nā pahu hoʻohemo alkali, nā pickles waikawa, nā kikowaena flux, kahi conveyor ma o ka ipu hao zinc, a me nā pahu quench. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Bonan ua hoʻolālā ʻia kāna mau mea kanu galvanizing paipu no ka hana mau ʻana ma nā anawaena paipu āpau.
Kiʻi: He laina hoʻoheheʻe paipu hoʻomau e hana ana. Hoʻoneʻe kēlā mau hale hana automated i nā ʻāpana paipu ma o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ka fluxing, a me ka ʻauʻau zinc heheʻe.
Ma kahi laina Bonan Tech, ua mālama pono ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā paipu e hahai pinepine i kēia mau pae kikoʻī:
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Caustic:Komo nā paipu i loko o ka ʻauʻau sodium-hydroxide wela e wehe i ka ʻaila a me ka unahi wili.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻakika:A laila, hele lākou i loko o kahi ʻauʻau ʻakika (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo HCl a i ʻole H₂SO₄) e hoʻoheheʻe i ka ʻōpala a me nā oxides i koe.
Holoi & Fluxing:Ma hope o ka holoi ʻana, e hoʻoluʻu ʻia nā paipu i loko o kahi hopena zinc-ammonium chloride flux, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ʻaʻohe oxide o ke kila ma mua o ke galvanizing.
Hoʻomaloʻo:Hoʻokuʻu ʻia a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia paha kekahi makū ma ke kila e kahi mea hoʻomaloʻo ea.
Hoʻoluʻu ʻia (ʻAuʻau Zinc):Hoʻoili ʻia nā paipu i loko o ka ipu hao zinc i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Uhi maikaʻi ʻia lākou e ka wai hot dip me ka zinc.
Ke hoʻopau ʻana:ʻO ka mea hope loa, ua hoʻomaʻalili koke ʻia nā paipu galvanized wela i ka wai a i ʻole kahi ʻauʻau quench e laka i ka uhi.
ʻO kēlā me kēia paipu e puka mai ana i kēia manawa he uhi zinc like e pale aku ai i ka pala. Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana a Bonan, ʻo kā lākou"Mīkini Galvanizing Akomi no nā Paipu"hiki ke lawelawe i "nā ʻano paipu holoʻokoʻa e galvanized ʻia", e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i nā paipu nui a liʻiliʻi paha e loaʻa ana ka papa zinc kūpono.
Hopena
ʻOi aku ka ʻauʻau galvanizing ma mua o ka ipu hao wale nō - ʻo ia ke kikowaena o kahi hana i hōʻoia ʻia, i hoʻokele ʻia e ka ʻepekema e hāʻawi ana i ke kila i kahi pale ho'ōla ponoʻī. Mai nā pae hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hiki i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka zinc wela, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu e hana i kahi uhi paʻa, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka metallurgically. Ua ʻike mākou pehea e pale aku ai ke kila galvanized i ka popo akā hana maikaʻi loa ia - me nā alloys multi-layer, ka paʻakikī loa, a me nā makahiki he ʻumi o ke ola lawelawe.
Inā he ʻenekinia ʻoe e kuhikuhi ana i kahi alahaka a he mea nona ka hale paha e koho ana i nā pou pā, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kaʻina hana ʻauʻau galvanizing e kōkua i ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kumu he mea kūpono loa ke kila galvanized. I ka pōkole, aia i loko o kēlā ʻauʻau haʻahaʻa o ka zinc heheʻe kahi ʻōnaehana pale ikaika a kupaianaha hoʻi - kahi e mālama pono ai i nā hale kila no nā hanauna.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-21-2025